Spontaneous combustion of new energy vehicles and battery thermal management system

According to statistics, there were over 3000 incidents of self ignition of new energy vehicles in China in 2021 (with an average of 8 incidents per day), of which about 40% occurred during driving. Compared to gasoline powered vehicles, when a new energy vehicle catches fire, the spread of the fire is extremely fast. A chain reaction of flames in the battery pack at the bottom of the vehicle can instantly spread throughout the entire vehicle, leaving no time for escape.

The reason for the spontaneous combustion of the power battery pack during the operation of new energy vehicles is the thermal runaway of the battery pack.

Taking the electronic water pump as an example, the key problem lies in the fact that the structure of the electronic water pump itself includes various material parts such as plastic injection molded parts, metal die-casting parts (including machining), seals, etc. At the same time, there are inevitably deviations in assembly accuracy, detection station positioning accuracy, etc. After assembly is completed, the position and posture angles of the inlet and outlet of the sealed electronic water pump tested on the leakage testing station will always be different. Not only will there be differences in the position and posture of the two water pumps on the same leakage testing station, but even if the same water pump is repeatedly tested on the same station, its position and posture will also change, resulting in different sealing effects each time, leading to leakage. The repeatability of the test is poor, When multiple leakage tests are conducted on the same set of water pumps at the same workstation, the leakage amount varies from large to small, and the results are sometimes OK and sometimes NG. There is a risk that NG products with leaks will be mistakenly classified as OK products and eventually loaded into the market. Similar hazards also exist in other key components of the battery thermal management system. For a long time, such risks have existed and cannot be resolved.

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